To others, he teaches mathematical sciences and handicrafts, can make men invisible and lead them to hidden treasures, and answers every question formulated to him. Bartholomew, who can protect against him for he has resisted Astaroth's temptations. According to Sebastien Michaelis, he is a demon of the First Hierarchy, who seduces by means of laziness, vanity, and rationalized philosophies. In art, in the Dictionnaire Infernal, Astaroth is depicted as a nude man with feathered wings, wearing a crown, holding a serpent in one hand, and riding a beast with dragon-like wings and a serpent-like tail. He is referred to in The Lesser Key of Solomon as a very powerful demon. Astaroth also features as an arch-demon associated with the qliphoth (adverse forces) according to later Kabbalistic texts. 1458, and recurred in most occult grimoires of the following centuries. The name "Astaroth" as a male demon is first known from The Book of Abramelin, written in Hebrew ca. The pseudepigraphal work Testament of Solomon, attributed to King Solomon of Israel, but thought to date to the early centuries AD, mentions "Asteraoth" (in Greek) as a spirit, who is opposed to the demon of power. This latter form was directly transliterated in the early Greek and Latin versions of the Bible, where it was less apparent that it had been a plural feminine in Hebrew. She is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in the forms Ashtoreth (singular) and Ashtaroth (plural, in reference to multiple statues of her). The name Astaroth was ultimately derived from that of 2nd millennium BC Phoenician goddess Astarte, an equivalent of the Babylonian Ishtar, and the earlier Sumerian Inanna. Astaroth enjoys talking at length about the creation of the world, the Fall, and the faults of the jinn, taking great care to point out how he is being punished unjustly. He willingly answers all questions regarding the past, present, and future and will give up easily any secrets that he knows. Once this demon appears his summoner should not stand too close, as Astaroth gives off a deadly stench. As a demon, he is a former prince of the Order of Thrones.Īstaroth is summoned for his ability to grant friendships to great lords a nocturnal demon, he is most powerful on Fridays between the tenth and the eleventh hour of the night. He is said to be a grand duke and the treasurer of Jinnestan, commanding forty legions and the head of the hierarchy called Gamchicoth. The re-imagination gender-bend occurred during the medieval era and she was now described as looking like an ugly man riding upon a dragon while holding a snake in his left hand. He is known as the chaos god of time and space.Īstaroth was originally an ancient demonic goddess. The modern illustration of the demon AstarothĪstaroth illustration from the Dictionnaire InfernalĪstaroth (also Ashtaroth, Astarot and Asteroth), in demonology, is a Crowned "Prince" of Jinnestan.
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